MIT professor Edward N. Lorenz (1918-2008) accidentally discovers the branch of mathematics known today as Chaos Theory while working on a numerical weather prediction; publishes 1963 paper in the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences called “Deterministic nonperiodic flow”; principles enunciated sometimes referred to as “the Butterfly Effect” that illustrates the importance of initial conditions in the behavior of dynamic systems but also the virtual impossibility of long-term predictions since small differences/errors in the initial conditions balloon into almost insurmountably random results the farther one ventures into the future.
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
Mathemetician Benoit B. Madelbrot publishes in the journal Science, “How Long is the Coast of Britain? Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension,” a seminal article in the understanding of natural phenomena that came to called “fractals” in 1975.
1962